What is paralysis Symptoms Causes Treatments How Physiotherapy helps you in recovery from Paralysis and bring back to normal life

 WHAT IS PARALYSIS?

Paralysis is defined as the inability to move a physical part, whether temporarily or permanently. Paralysis is nearly always caused by nerve damage rather than a physical lesion to the affected area. Even if the actual structures of the spinal cord are unaffected, an injury in the middle or lower regions is likely to disturb function below the damage, such as the ability to move the feet or feel sensations.

There could be any reason for paralysis in a person such as:

Brain injuries prevent the brain from relaying a signal to a certain part of the body because of spinal cord damage, the brain may detect touch and other bodily sensations but is unable to efficiently communicate a response or

because of spinal cord damage, the brain is unable to send or receive messages to any part of the body.

 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PARALYSIS TREATED IN PHYSIOTHERAPY?

 1.    Monoplegia:

Monoplegia is the paralysis of a single body part, most commonly a limb. Monoplegics have control over the rest of their bodies but are unable to move or experience feelings in the affected limb.

Causes:-

●     Cerebral palsy

●     Strokes\sTumors

●     Nerve damage caused by accidents or disorders

●     Impingement of the nerves

●     Damage to the motor neurons

●     Injuries to the brain

●     Nerves that have been impacted or damaged in the affected area

2.    Hemiplegia:

Hemiplegia is a condition in which an arm and leg on the same side of the body are paralyzed. The degree of paralysis in hemiplegia varies from person to person and might fluctuate over time. Hemiplegia commonly starts with a pins-and-needles sensation, progresses to muscle weakness, and eventually leads to full paralysis. Many people with hemiplegia, however, discover that their level of functioning changes from day to day and is affected by their overall health, activity level, and other factors.

Causes-

●     Cerebral palsy

●     spinal cord injuries

●     brain injuries

●     nervous system disorder

3.    Paraplegia:-

Paraplegia is a type of paralysis that affects both legs, the hips, and other bodily processes like sexuality and defecation. Though preconceptions of paraplegia below the waist suggest that paraplegics are unable to walk, move their legs, or feel anything below the waist, the reality of paraplegia differs from person to person—and even day to day.

Causes:-

●     Infections of the spinal cord

●     Lesions of the spinal cord

●     Tumors of the brain

●     Infections of the brain

●     Nerve injury to the hips or waist occurs infrequently; this usually results in monoplegia or hemiplegia.

●     Choking, surgical accidents, aggression, and other factors can deprive the brain or spinal cord of oxygen.

●     Stroke

●     Malformations of the brain or spinal cord that occur at birth

4.    Quadriplegia:

Quadriplegia is a condition in which a person is paralyzed from the waist

Quadriplegia, often known as tetraplegia, is paralysis that occurs below the neck. Typically, all four limbs, as well as the torso, are afflicted. The degree of disability and loss of function, like with paraplegia, varies from person to person, and even from moment to moment. Similarly, some quadriplegics regain part or all of their function spontaneously, while others gradually retrain their brains and bodies with devoted physical therapy and exercise.

Causes:

●     Acquired brain injury

●     loss of oxygen to the brain and spinal cord.

●     Lesions of the spine and the brain

●     Tumors of the spine and the brain

●     Infections of the spine and the brain

●     Nerve injury that is catastrophic throughout the body

●     Anomalies that occur at birth

●     Early brain injuries

●     Drug-induced allergic responses

DOES PHYSIOTHERAPY HELP IN PARALYSIS RECOVERY?

Passive exercises:

The passive exercise entails supporting your affected limbs in moving. This is where stroke patients who are paralyzed should begin their treatment. Passive exercise aids paralysis recovery since it entails moving your paralyzed muscles with your non-affected side, and any movement sends messages to the brain.

Dynamic balance work

A.   Basic level exercises:

Heel raise

Sidestepping

Heel raise

B.   Intermediate level exercises:

Sidestepping

Heel-to-toe walking

Squats against gym ball

C.   Advance level exercise:

Side leg standing

Backward walking

Weighted ball press

Stretches to maintain muscle length and joint range of motion:

—passive ROM exercises

Flexion and extension

Shoulder abduction

Wrist hand flexion and extension

Hip and knee flexion

Hip abduction

Ankle rotation

Toe flexion and extension

—--- self ROM exercises:

Neck flexion and extension

Supine Shoulder Stretch

Hip and Knee Bend

Seated Hamstring Stretch

Ankle and Toe Stretch

Seated Back Stretch

Core stability exercises

A.   Trunk "Push-Ups"

B.   CrossFit Balance Work.

C.   Isometric Back Exercises.

D.   Spinal Twists.

E.    Lean in All Directions.

F.    (Passive) Lower-Body Twists.

Use of hydrotherapy pool

A.   Gait training:

Water therapy for paralysis caused by brain damage includes gait training, which involves retraining muscles to stand and walk. Gait training can aid in the regaining of balance, mobility, and strength, as well as the reduction of stiffness in patients. Because the water is an exercise pool than sustains up to 90% of a person's body weight, doctors can increase resistance and/or pull the client partially out of the water to gradually raise the intensity of the workout.

B.Training in activities of daily living:

 Recovering a normal stride is a key long-term therapy aim in neurological aquatic rehabilitation. Additionally, aquatic therapy pools for disabled and handicapped people can be used to focus on specific areas of concern about other daily activities — HydroWorx aquatic therapy pools for disabled and handicapped people are an ideal environment to practice sit-to-stand, reach, and balance exercises.

C. Resistance and toning:

Patients who are further along in their recovery can benefit from water's increased viscosity, which allows muscles to work harder without causing damage or strain. Resistance may be adjusted precisely in most handicap pools to facilitate the patient's rehabilitation and prepare them for additional land-based strength training.

A note from Physio Health Plus:

Physio health plus -physiotherapy clinic in Gurgaon aims at bringing movement to the paralyzed parts of the patient and then helping them to achieve a complete range of motion with specific techniques. Physiotherapy in Gurgaon can be reached easily by patients or relatives by having a clue of physiotherapy nearby. They can even have a thorough search as "physiotherapy near me in Gurgaon" or "physiotherapists in me in Gurgaon" if they live near the area.